Source comparison
Comparison Table: Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA Type-C Same as MOTS-c
Identity Genetic locus and open reading frame within mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene The 16-amino-acid peptide product translated from that ORF They are the same biological entity. One is the DNA address, the other is the functional protein product Amino
This comparison does not assign a generated winner or score.
- Identity
- Genetic locus and open reading frame within mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene
- The 16-amino-acid peptide product translated from that ORF
- They are the same biological entity. One is the DNA address, the other is the functional protein product
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Encodes MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR
- MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR (16 amino acids)
- Exact 1:1 correspondence. No post-translational modifications required for activity
- Genomic Location
- Mitochondrial DNA nucleotide positions 1,343–1,389 (varies slightly by haplogroup)
- Synthesized in mitochondrial matrix, exported to cytoplasm and nucleus
- The ORF is fixed; the peptide moves between cellular compartments based on metabolic state
- Expression Regulation
- Upregulated during caloric restriction, exercise, oxidative stress
- Circulating levels decline with age (40% lower in adults >65 vs <30); restored by exercise
- Expression is stress-responsive; aging suppresses baseline transcription from this ORF
- Primary Biological Function
- Codes for a metabolic regulatory peptide with nuclear translocation capacity
- Activates AMPK, upregulates GLUT4 and fatty acid oxidation genes, enhances insulin sensitivity
- The ORF's evolutionary purpose is to produce MOTS-c as a retrograde mitochondrial-to-nuclear signal