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Molecular Structure Comparison

Type Dinucleotide coenzyme Mononucleotide Nucleoside Molecular formula C21H27N7O14P2 C11H15N2O8P C11H15N2O5+ Molecular weight ~663 g/mol ~334 g/mol ~255 g/mol Phosphate groups 2 1 0 Charge at pH 7 Net negative Negative Positive (zwitterion) Steps from NAD+ 0 (

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  • Type
  • Dinucleotide coenzyme
  • Mononucleotide
  • Nucleoside
  • Molecular formula
  • C21H27N7O14P2
  • C11H15N2O8P
  • C11H15N2O5+
  • Molecular weight
  • ~663 g/mol
  • ~334 g/mol
  • ~255 g/mol
  • Phosphate groups
  • 2
  • 1
  • 0
  • Charge at pH 7
  • Net negative
  • Negative
  • Positive (zwitterion)
  • Steps from NAD+
  • 0 (is NAD+)
  • 1 (needs NMNAT)
  • 2 (needs NRK, then NMNAT)
  • The structural differences have direct consequences for how each compound interacts with cell membranes, transporters, and intracellular enzymes.
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All three compounds are susceptible to degradation under adverse storage conditions, but they differ in their specific vulnerabilities: Primary degradation concern Alkaline hydrol…

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