Source comparison
Thymosin Alpha-1 vs Other Immune Peptides: Chronic Fatigue Comparison
Thymosin Alpha-1 TLR-9 activation, Th1/Treg differentiation Phase II: 47% functional improvement at 12 weeks (Stanford, 2026) 1.6mg SC twice weekly CD4+ T-cells, NK cells, cytokine balance (IL-2, IFN-γ) Strongest evidence base for immune restoration in CFS/ME;
This comparison does not assign a generated winner or score.
- Thymosin Alpha-1
- TLR-9 activation, Th1/Treg differentiation
- Phase II: 47% functional improvement at 12 weeks (Stanford, 2026)
- 1.6mg SC twice weekly
- CD4+ T-cells, NK cells, cytokine balance (IL-2, IFN-γ)
- Strongest evidence base for immune restoration in CFS/ME; measurable NK cell and mitochondrial improvements
- LL-37 (Cathelicidin)
- Antimicrobial peptide, TLR modulation
- Observational only; no RCT data in CFS/ME
- Variable (0.5–2mg SC daily)
- Innate immunity, viral clearance
- Theoretical benefit for viral reactivation component; lacks controlled trial evidence
- Epithalon
- Telomerase activation, circadian regulation
- No published CFS/ME trials
- 10mg SC daily × 10 days (cycles)
- Pineal gland, circadian rhythm
- May address sleep dysfunction but no direct immune or fatigue outcomes published
- Selank
- Anxiolytic, BDNF modulation
- Case series (n=34); subjective fatigue scores improved 30%
- Intranasal 2–3× daily
- Anxiety circuits, neuroinflammation
- Addresses comorbid anxiety; doesn't target core immune dysfunction
- The comparison clarifies thymosin alpha-1's unique position: it's the only peptide in this class with randomized controlled trial data demonstrating functional capacity improvements tied to measurable immune biomarker changes in chronic fatigue populations. Other peptides show theoretical mechanisms or anecdotal reports. Thymosin alpha-1 has quantified T-cell and NK cell restoration in peer-reviewed publications.